MultiversXPythonSDK交易与代币操作Skill mvx_sdk_py_transactions

---

name: mvx_sdk_py_transactions description: 为MultiversX Python SDK创建交易和代币操作。

MultiversX SDK-Py 交易与代币

这个技能涵盖了使用控制器和工厂创建交易。

转账

原生EGLD转账

controller = entrypoint.create_transfers_controller()

tx = controller.create_transaction_for_transfer(
    sender=account,
    nonce=account.get_nonce_then_increment(),
    receiver=receiver_address,
    native_amount=1000000000000000000
)

ESDT代币转账

from multiversx_sdk import TokenTransfer

tx = controller.create_transaction_for_transfer(
    sender=account,
    nonce=account.get_nonce_then_increment(),
    receiver=receiver_address,
    token_transfers=[
        TokenTransfer.fungible_from_amount("TOKEN-123456", 100.5, 18)
    ]
)

NFT/SFT转账

tx = controller.create_transaction_for_transfer(
    sender=account,
    nonce=account.get_nonce_then_increment(),
    receiver=receiver_address,
    token_transfers=[
        TokenTransfer.nft_from_amount("NFT-123456", 1, 1)
    ]
)

代币管理

发行可替代代币

controller = entrypoint.create_token_management_controller()

tx = controller.create_transaction_for_issuing_fungible(
    sender=account,
    nonce=account.get_nonce_then_increment(),
    token_name="MyToken",
    token_ticker="MTK",
    initial_supply=1000000000000,
    num_decimals=6,
    can_freeze=False,
    can_wipe=True,
    can_pause=False,
    can_change_owner=True,
    can_upgrade=True,
    can_add_special_roles=True
)

tx_hash = entrypoint.send_transaction(tx)
outcome = controller.await_completed_issue_fungible(tx_hash)
print(outcome[0].token_identifier)

交易解析

解码交易数据

from multiversx_sdk import TransactionDecoder

decoded = TransactionDecoder.decode_transaction(tx)
print(decoded.function)
print(decoded.arguments)

解析事件

tx_on_network = entrypoint.get_transaction(tx_hash)

for event in tx_on_network.logs.events:
    print(f"事件: {event.identifier}")
    for topic in event.topics:
        print(f"主题: {topic.hex()}")

中继交易（V3）

tx = Transaction(
    sender=user_address,
    receiver=receiver_address,
    relayer=relayer_address,
    gas_limit=150000,  # 中继交易额外50k
    data=b"endpoint@args"
)

tx.signature = user_account.sign_transaction(tx)
tx.relayer_signature = relayer_account.sign_transaction(tx)

entrypoint.send_transaction(tx)

最佳实践

1. 使用TokenTransfer助手：正确处理小数位
2. 检查发行结果：代币获得随机后缀
3. 中继交易：发送者和中继者必须在同一分片
4. 燃气估算：控制器通常处理基本估算