MultiversXSDK-JS智能合约操作Skill mvx_sdk_js_contracts

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name: mvx_sdk_js_contracts description: MultiversX TypeScript/JavaScript SDK 的智能合约操作。

MultiversX SDK-JS 智能合约操作

本技能涵盖 ABI 加载、部署、调用、查询和解析。

ABI 加载

import { Abi } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";
import { promises } from "fs";

// 从文件
const abiJson = await promises.readFile("contract.abi.json", "utf8");
const abi = Abi.create(JSON.parse(abiJson));

// 从 URL
const response = await axios.get("https://example.com/contract.abi.json");
const abi = Abi.create(response.data);

// 手动构建
const abi = Abi.create({
    endpoints: [{
        name: "add",
        inputs: [{ type: "BigUint" }],
        outputs: [{ type: "BigUint" }]
    }]
});

智能合约控制器

const controller = entrypoint.createSmartContractController(abi);

部署

const bytecode = await promises.readFile("contract.wasm");

const tx = await controller.createTransactionForDeploy(account, nonce, {
    bytecode: bytecode,
    gasLimit: 60_000_000n,
    arguments: [42]  // 构造函数参数（使用 ABI 的普通值）
});

const txHash = await entrypoint.sendTransaction(tx);
const outcome = await controller.awaitCompletedDeploy(txHash);
const contractAddress = outcome[0].contractAddress;

合约调用

// 使用 ABI - 使用普通值
const tx = await controller.createTransactionForExecute(account, nonce, {
    contract: contractAddress,
    function: "add",
    arguments: [42],
    gasLimit: 5_000_000n
});

// 不使用 ABI - 使用 TypedValue
import { U32Value, BigUintValue } from "@multiversx/sdk-core";
const tx = await controller.createTransactionForExecute(account, nonce, {
    contract: contractAddress,
    function: "add",
    arguments: [new U32Value(42)],
    gasLimit: 5_000_000n
});

转账与执行（发送代币到智能合约）

const tx = await controller.createTransactionForExecute(account, nonce, {
    contract: contractAddress,
    function: "deposit",
    arguments: [],
    gasLimit: 10_000_000n,
    nativeTransferAmount: 1_000_000_000_000_000_000n,  // 1 EGLD
    tokenTransfers: [
        TokenTransfer.fungibleFromBigInteger("TOKEN-abc123", 1000n)
    ]
});

VM 查询（只读）

const controller = entrypoint.createSmartContractController(abi);

const result = await controller.queryContract({
    contract: contractAddress,
    function: "getSum",
    arguments: []
});

// 解析输出（使用 ABI）
const sum = result[0];  // 自动类型化

升级

const newBytecode = await promises.readFile("contract_v2.wasm");

const tx = await controller.createTransactionForUpgrade(account, nonce, {
    contract: contractAddress,
    bytecode: newBytecode,
    gasLimit: 60_000_000n,
    arguments: []
});

RelayedV3 合约调用

const tx = await controller.createTransactionForExecute(account, nonce, {
    contract: contractAddress,
    function: "endpoint",
    arguments: [],
    gasLimit: 5_050_000n,  // 为 relayed 增加 50,000
    relayer: relayerAddress
});

tx.relayerSignature = await relayer.signTransaction(tx);

最佳实践

1. 始终使用 ABI：当可用时，以确保类型安全
2. 气体估计：开始时设置高值，后续优化
3. 先模拟：在实际调用前使用 simulateTransaction()
4. 解析结果：使用 awaitCompletedExecute() 获取返回值