名称: railway 描述: 在Railway平台上部署应用程序。用于部署容器化应用、设置数据库、配置私有网络或管理Railway项目。触发词:Railway、railway.app、部署容器、Railway数据库。
Railway 部署
在Railway平台上部署和管理应用程序。
快速开始
# 安装 Railway CLI
npm i -g @railway/cli
# 登录
railway login
# 初始化项目
railway init
# 部署
railway up
railway.toml 配置
[build]
builder = "nixpacks"
buildCommand = "npm run build"
[deploy]
startCommand = "npm start"
healthcheckPath = "/health"
healthcheckTimeout = 300
restartPolicyType = "on_failure"
restartPolicyMaxRetries = 3
[service]
internalPort = 3000
Nixpacks 配置
# nixpacks.toml
[phases.setup]
nixPkgs = ["nodejs-18_x", "python311"]
[phases.install]
cmds = ["npm ci"]
[phases.build]
cmds = ["npm run build"]
[start]
cmd = "npm start"
环境变量
# 设置变量
railway variables set DATABASE_URL="postgres://..."
# 从文件设置
railway variables set < .env
# 链接到服务
railway service
railway variables set API_KEY="secret"
数据库服务
PostgreSQL
# 添加 PostgreSQL
railway add -d postgres
# 获取连接字符串
railway variables get DATABASE_URL
Redis
railway add -d redis
# 通过 REDIS_URL 访问
MySQL
railway add -d mysql
# 通过 MYSQL_URL 访问
私有网络
# 服务可以通过内部 DNS 通信
# 格式: ${{service-name}}.railway.internal
# 示例: API 调用数据库服务
DATABASE_HOST: ${{postgres.railway.internal}}
DATABASE_PORT: 5432
卷(持久化存储)
# 创建卷
railway volume create my-data
# 在服务中挂载
railway volume attach my-data:/app/data
在代码中:
// 数据在部署之间持久化
const dataPath = '/app/data';
fs.writeFileSync(`${dataPath}/file.json`, JSON.stringify(data));
定时任务
# railway.toml
[deploy]
startCommand = "node cron.js"
cronSchedule = "0 */6 * * *" # 每6小时一次
多服务设置
my-project/
├── api/
│ ├── railway.toml
│ └── ...
├── worker/
│ ├── railway.toml
│ └── ...
└── frontend/
├── railway.toml
└── ...
部署每个:
cd api && railway up
cd ../worker && railway up
cd ../frontend && railway up
Dockerfile 部署
FROM node:18-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["npm", "start"]
# railway.toml
[build]
builder = "dockerfile"
dockerfilePath = "./Dockerfile"
健康检查
// Express 健康端点
app.get('/health', (req, res) => {
res.status(200).json({
status: 'healthy',
timestamp: new Date().toISOString()
});
});
# railway.toml
[deploy]
healthcheckPath = "/health"
healthcheckTimeout = 100
资源
- Railway 文档: https://docs.railway.app
- Railway CLI: https://docs.railway.app/develop/cli