name: 移动 description: 使用React Native或Flutter开发应用程序,整合原生功能。用于移动开发、跨平台代码或应用优化。
移动开发
构建跨平台移动应用程序。
何时使用
- React Native开发
- Flutter开发
- 移动性能问题
- 原生模块集成
- 应用商店部署
React Native
组件结构
import React, { useState, useCallback } from "react";
import { View, Text, TouchableOpacity, StyleSheet } from "react-native";
interface Props {
title: string;
onPress: () => void;
}
export function Button({ title, onPress }: Props) {
const [pressed, setPressed] = useState(false);
const handlePress = useCallback(() => {
setPressed(true);
onPress();
}, [onPress]);
return (
<TouchableOpacity
style={[styles.button, pressed && styles.pressed]}
onPress={handlePress}
activeOpacity={0.7}
>
<Text style={styles.text}>{title}</Text>
</TouchableOpacity>
);
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
button: {
backgroundColor: "#007AFF",
padding: 16,
borderRadius: 8,
},
pressed: {
opacity: 0.8,
},
text: {
color: "white",
fontWeight: "600",
textAlign: "center",
},
});
导航
import { NavigationContainer } from "@react-navigation/native";
import { createNativeStackNavigator } from "@react-navigation/native-stack";
type RootStackParamList = {
Home: undefined;
Details: { id: string };
};
const Stack = createNativeStackNavigator<RootStackParamList>();
function App() {
return (
<NavigationContainer>
<Stack.Navigator>
<Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
<Stack.Screen name="Details" component={DetailsScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
</NavigationContainer>
);
}
Flutter
小部件结构
class MyButton extends StatelessWidget {
final String title;
final VoidCallback onPressed;
const MyButton({
Key? key,
required this.title,
required this.onPressed,
}) : super(key: key);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return ElevatedButton(
onPressed: onPressed,
style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8),
),
),
child: Text(title),
);
}
}
性能提示
- 对于长列表使用FlatList/ListView
- 使用useCallback记忆回调
- 避免内联样式(使用StyleSheet)
- 懒加载屏幕和图像
- 使用Flipper/DevTools进行分析
常见模式
| 模式 | React Native | Flutter |
|---|---|---|
| 状态管理 | useState/Redux | setState/Riverpod |
| 导航 | React Navigation | Navigator 2.0 |
| HTTP请求 | fetch/axios | http/dio |
| 存储 | AsyncStorage | shared_preferences |
| 动画 | Animated/Reanimated | AnimationController |
示例
输入: “构建一个列表屏幕” 行动: 创建具有虚拟化、下拉刷新、分页的FlatList
输入: “添加离线支持” 行动: 实现AsyncStorage缓存、同步队列、网络检测